What is cystatin C and how is it used as a marker of GFR?
Cystatin C is effectively filtered by the glomerulus and fully reabsorbed and broken down by the renal tubules for recycling. A raised level of serum or plasma cystatin C correlates closely with the GFR. Cystatin C therefore acts as an excellent indicator of reduced kidney function.
What is the normal range for cystatin C?
The range for cystatin C is 0.67-6.15 mg/l, 0.66-7.23 mg/dl for creatinine and 8.9-186.3 l/day (6.2-129.4 ml/min) for creatinine clearance.
Why is cystatin C better than creatinine?
Like serum creatinine, cystatin C concentrations were much more stable in individuals without renal disease than was GFR measured by creatinine clearance [5]. A possible advantage of cystatin C with minor glomerular damage is that, being a large molecule, blood levels of cystatin C might rise sooner than creatinine.
Is cystatin C more accurate than creatinine?
The maximum diagnostic accuracy of serum cystatin C (90%) was significantly better than those of serum creatinine (77%) and Cockcroft and Gault estimated GFR (85%) in discriminating between type 2 diabetic patients with normal GFR (>80 mL/min per 1.73 m2) and those with reduced GFR (<80 mL/min/1.73 m2).
What is considered high cystatin C?
The normal range of cystatin C is around 0.62 – 1.15 mg/L. Values can vary between laboratories. Generally, higher cystatin C levels point to poor kidney function [7].
What level of creatinine indicates kidney failure?
A GFR of 60 or over is considered normal, a GFR less than 60 may indicate kidney disease. A level of 15 or less is defined medically as kidney failure.
What is a high cystatin C level?
A high level of cystatin C in the blood corresponds to a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and hence to kidney dysfunction.
What if cystatin C is high?
If the level of cystatin C in your blood is too high, it may mean that your kidneys are not working well. A blood test for cystatin C can help your healthcare provider find your GFR (glomerular filtration rate).
What happens if cystatin C is high?
How do you reduce cystatin C naturally?
Exercise helps improve kidney function, especially light physical activity on a regular basis. Studies have shown that seniors with stronger muscles have better kidney function [83, 84]. Lose weight if overweight. It may help bring down your cystatin C levels [85].
Is 2.2 creatinine level high?
According to the British Medical Journal, the usual reference range for serum creatinine is 60–110 micromoles per liter (mcmol/l), or 0.7–1.2 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl), for males and 45–90 mcmol/l (0.5–1.0 mg/dl) for females. If creatinine is above these levels, doctors may consider it high.
Will drinking water increase my GFR?
found increased water intake actually decreases GFR. It might therefore seem that any “toxin” removed purely by glomerular filtration is cleared less efficiently in the setting of increased water intake; however, it is not certain such changes in GFR persist over time.
How to calculate GFR based on cystatin C?
Recently, three formulae using Cys C serum levels instead of creatinine as an endogenous marker were suggested for calculation of GFR in adult patients as well as in children with various renal diseases. In all three formulae, the identical immunonephelometric Cys C method on a Dade Behring nephelometer was applied.
How is the GFR calculated in CKD-EPI?
CKD-EPI Equations for Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Estimates GFR based on serum creatinine, serum cystatin C, or both. Patients with chronic kidney disease (not acute), to measure renal function. CKD-EPI Cystatin C is preferred in cirrhotics and other patients with low muscle mass.
What is the MDRD Study equation for cystatin C?
(With SI Units) 4 variable MDRD Study Equation, CKD-EPI Creatinine Equation (2009), CKD-EPI Cystatin C Equation (2012) and CKD-EPI Creatinine-Cystatin C Equation (2012) (with SI Units) using standardized serum creatinine, age, race, gender and serum cystatin C programmed by Stephen Z. Fadem, M.D., FACP, FASN and Brian Rosenthal
When to use serum creatinine as a GFR calculator?
Using standardized serum creatinine values in the modification of diet in renal disease study equation for estimating glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2006 Aug 15;145 (4):247-54.
