What is saturable metabolism?
It entails utilization of quantitative concepts to better understand the physiological and biochemical controls which regulate the expression of the toxicity of various chemicals. Much work remains to be accomplished in this exciting area of toxicological research.
What does saturable mean in pharmacology?
(satch’ŭ-rāt), 1. To impregnate to the greatest possible extent. 2. To neutralize; to satisfy all the chemical affinities of a substance (as by converting all double bonds to single bonds).
What is oxidation in drug metabolism?
Phase I reactions of drug metabolism involve oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis of the parent drug, resulting in its conversion to a more polar molecule. The substances that result from metabolism may be inactive, or they may be similar to or different from the original drug in therapeutic activity or toxicity.
What does decreased metabolism of a drug mean?
If your body metabolizes a drug too slowly, it stays active longer, and may be associated with side effects. Because of this, your doctor may characterize you as being one of four metabolizer types, with respect to a specific enzyme. Poor metabolizers have significantly reduced or non-functional enzyme activity.
What is a saturable process?
Drug absorption is the process by which a drug molecule moves from the site of administration to the systemic circulation. Following intravenous administration, there is no absorption process since the drug is directly introduced into the blood stream. This is called saturable drug absorption.
What is the main purpose of drug metabolism?
The majority of metabolic processes that involve drugs occur in the liver, as the enzymes that facilitate the reactions are concentrated there. The purpose of metabolism in the body is usually to change the chemical structure of the substance, to increase the ease with which it can be excreted from the body.
What is the meaning of saturable?
: capable of being saturated.
What are the 2 phases of drug metabolism?
Drug metabolism reactions comprise of two phases: Phase I (functionalization) reactions such as oxidation, hydrolysis; and Phase II (conjugation) reactions such as glucuronidation, sulphate conjugation. Oxidation reactions are the most common and vital.
What is the primary site of drug metabolism?
Most drugs must pass through the liver, which is the primary site for drug metabolism. Once in the liver, enzymes convert prodrugs to active metabolites or convert active drugs to inactive forms. The liver’s primary mechanism for metabolizing drugs is via a specific group of cytochrome P-450 enzymes.
What is slow metabolism symptoms?
Possible signs of a slow metabolism may include: Unexpected weight changes (weight gain or weight loss) Getting tired easily or feeling sluggish. Hair loss.
What factors affect metabolism of a drug?
Various physiological and pathological factors can also affect drug metabolism. Physiological factors that can influence drug metabolism include age, individual variation (e.g., pharmacogenetics), enterohepatic circulation, nutrition, intestinal flora, or sex differences.
Which is an example of a saturable metabolic process?
A number of drugs demonstrate saturation or capacity-limitedmetabolism in humans. Examples of these saturable metabolic processes include glycine conjugation of salicylate, sulfate conjugation of salicylamide, acetylation of p -aminobenzoic acid, and the elimination of phenytoin (Tozer et al, 1981).
What is the medical definition of the word saturable?
Medical Definition of saturable : capable of being saturated
When does saturable absorption occur in a material?
Saturable absorption. Saturable absorption is a property of materials where the absorption of light decreases with increasing light intensity. Most materials show some saturable absorption, but often only at very high optical intensities (close to the optical damage).
Which is the best description of saturable transport?
For saturable transport, see facilitated diffusion. Saturable absorption is a property of materials where the absorption of light decreases with increasing light intensity. Most materials show some saturable absorption, but often only at very high optical intensities (close to the optical damage).
