What diseases are caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia?
maltophilia experience infections of the heart (endocarditis), the bone behind the ear (mastoiditis), lining of the abdomen and internal organs (peritonitis), cerebral spinal fluid ( meningitis ), soft tissue , wounds, urinary tract, and/or eye. The symptoms are similar to other bacterial infections of the same sites.
What infections are caused by biofilms?
Host tissue related biofilm infections are often chronic, including chronic lung infections of cystic fibrosis patients, chronic osteomyelitis, chronic prostatitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic otitis media, chronic wounds, recurrent urinary tract infection, endocarditis, periodontitis and dental caries [21].
Why are biofilm infections hard to treat?
Biofilm-forming pathogens are very challenging to treat with conventional antibiotics because of their greater resistance behavior. Hence, new and effective approaches are urgently needed. Searching for microbial biofilms inhibiting compounds from fungi mainly mushroom species is reasonable [69].
Where does stenotrophomonas Maltophilia come from?
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) is a free living, motile, aerobic, oxidase negative, glucose non-fermentative Gram-negative bacillus (GNB). It is frequently isolated from water, soil, animals, plants, and hospital equipment (1–5).
How is Stenotrophomonas maltophiliapathogen complicated to treat?
Introduction: Infections caused by the opportunistic Stenotrophomonas maltophiliapathogen in immunocompromised patients are complicated to treat due to antibiotic resistance and the ability of the bacteria to produce biofilm.
What are the clinical features of s.maltophilia?
S. maltophilia infections have been associated with high morbidity and mortality in severely immunocompromised and debilitated individuals. The clinical features and management of S. maltophilia infections are discussed here.
How is s.maltophilia related to Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
S. maltophilia frequently co-occurs and forms multispecies biofilms with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. S. maltophilia substantially influences the architecture of P. aeruginosa structures, causing development of extended filaments. These changes arise due to diffusible signalling factor encoded by S. maltophilia.
How is the biofilm of s.maltophilia controlled?
Current S. maltophiliabiofilm control strategies include natural and synthetic compounds, chelating agents, and commonly prescribed antibiotics. As biofilm age and matrix composition affect the level of antibiotic tolerance, their characterization should be included in biofilm susceptibility testing, in addition to molecular and proteomic analyzes.
